*Objective*

The objective of this lab is to identify an unknown solid and an unknown liquid via observation of physical properties, functional group tests, and spectroscopy.

Liquid L69:

1-phenylethanol
C8 H10 O

Solid S13:

???

Physical Properties

The unknown liquid, in its crude form, was clear pale yellow, viscous, and gave off an odor resembling flower nectar.  Total volume was 10mL.  Once distilled, the liquid became clear.  The liquid distilled at 170C, but subsequent measurements determined its boiling point to be 209C.  [specific gravity]

The unknown solid was a tan-colored powder, occasionally clumpy.  It did not have a noticeable odor.  Total mass was 5g.  After recrystallization, the color became pale yellow.  The melting point of the pure crystals was 137-139C.

Purification Methods

Liquid Distillation

Approximately half of the liquid was distilled using a standard water-cooled distillation apparatus.  The liquid distilled at 170C.  [explain boiling point measurements]

Solid Recrystallization

The solid was soluable in -----, and insoluable in water and hexane.  Solubility in water and hexane did not develop after heating, however, especially since the hexane boils at such a low temperature.  A mixture of water and 95% ethanol was tried, in a 50/50, 75/25, and ??/?? ratio.  [why used 75/25]

*Tests*

pH

Neither unknown dissolved in water, so pH could not be determined.

Solubility



Ferric Chloride Test


Beilstein Test

The Beilstein test flames the compound to determine whether it contains a halogen.  Different halogens flame in different colors, while hydrocarbons flame orange.  [controls]  Both unknowns, however, burned orange, indicating that neither compound contained any halogens.

Hinsberg Test


Diazotization


PCC Test

Chromic Anhydride Test

Baeyer Test

Purpauld Test

DNP Test

Hydrolysis Test

Hydroxyl???


NMR

IR



*Discussion and Conclusions*



*References*